🔬 When a single nucleotide whispers, cancer listens.Cancer Genetics & CRISPR

The modern view of cancer genetics is a narrative of driver and passenger mutations shaping clonal evolution. A few high‑impact variants—BRCA1/2 frameshifts, EGFR exon 19 deletions, KRAS G12C substitutions—reconfigure signaling networks, metabolic wiring, and immune visibility. These genomic fingerprints explain why tumors of identical histology can follow radically different clinical courses. Cancer Genetics & CRISPR

🧬 From variant calling to actionable insight

Deep sequencing & liquid biopsy now detect circulating tumor DNA months before radiologic relapse, giving clinicians a molecular early‑warning system.
AI‑powered mutational signatures help pinpoint not only which genes are altered but how—distinguishing exposure‑driven damage (e.g., tobacco‑related SBS4) from endogenous repair defects (e.g., HRD).
Synthetic‑lethal strategies exploit collateral weaknesses: PARP inhibitors in BRCA‑deficient tumors, ATR inhibitors in ATM‑mutant settings—turning vulnerability into therapeutic leverage.

✂️ CRISPR: beyond proof‑of‑concept

Base and prime editing allow single‑letter corrections without double‑strand breaks, reducing off‑target risk.
CRISPR screens in organoids map resistance pathways in days versus years.
First‑in‑human trials combine CRISPR‑engineered T‑cells with neoantigen vaccines, personalizing immunotherapy down to the amino‑acid level.

🌐 The road ahead. Cancer Genetics & CRISPR

Integrating pan‑cancer variant databases, real‑world evidence, and single‑cell atlases will shift oncology from population‑based guidelines to algorithmic, patient‑specific roadmaps. Ethical oversight must evolve just as quickly—balancing innovation with equity, privacy, and informed consent.

#CancerGenetics #CRISPR #Mutations #PrecisionOncology #LiquidBiopsy #GenomicMedicine #SyntheticLethality #Bioethics